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Valuation-tilted investment strategies offer many benefits of cap-weighting – broad diversification, low costs, transparency and modest turnover – plus the benefit of the value-premium phenomenon. And unlike traditional passive approaches, these strategies incorporate all stocks, differentiate across the valuation spectrum, and respond to changes in valuation dispersion.

Studies show that "emerging" hedge fund managers tend to outperform their larger, more established brethren. However, this additional alpha should not blind investors to the need for proper operational due diligence, say the authors, who suggest practical tips to ensure meaningful due diligence and risk mitigation.

Researchers demonstrate that a portfolio with a specific beta constraint can be improved by moving toward a leveraged bond position. When that is permitted, replacing a specific beta target with an acceptable "beta range" adds the flexibility needed to achieve even better returns.

Private equity investing is not without its challenges. However, long-term returns argue for exposure to this asset class for sophisticated investors. The most important considerations are structure of the investment program, access to top-tier performers, and knowledge about emerging private equity firms.

The second quarter played out close to expectations with weak market returns, few unanticipated shocks, and investor worries never escalating to panic. Expectations for capital market returns are now lower, although emerging markets offer growth for patient investors, real assets are a hedge against further monetary devaluation, and the environment seems ideal for fundamental long/short equity positions.

There is no simple solution to measure the overall risk of a security or portfolio with one statistic. The author recommends that investors use a variety of measures, including spread duration, rating breakdowns, and the average price of securities in each rating category.

We have begun recommending that investors use recent equity market weakness to rebalance portfolios and lift international equity allocations. We have further suggested that investors prioritize shifting allocations toward international equity strategies with a higher allocation to Japan.

The recent recession has certainly had a major impact on the financial condition of most municipalities. While we believe this may lead to an increase in defaults over the next few years, we do not anticipate widespread defaults or major losses at the bondholder level. Any defaults that do occur will likely be well telegraphed and identifiable through fundamental credit research.

Index-based global portfolios may offer a more efficient way to capture exposure to developed and emerging markets than having separate portfolios for each of the two. By consolidating these two market segments into a single integrated portfolio, investors benefit from lower portfolio turnover and reduced operating costs.

Fears of supply disruptions, regime change and further declines in the U.S. dollar are helping to drive oil prices higher. Yet, there seems to be sufficient capacity to offset supply shortfalls. Looking forward, fossil fuels and renewable alternatives both need to be developed to help secure our energy independence.