As we progress through market recovery, investors need to take into account three potentially historic market challenges: the end of the Federal Reserve's QE2 and the possibility of a QE3; Japan's problems of demographics, debt and natural disaster; and the sovereign debt problems of Greece, Ireland, and Portugal.
Given the uncertainty about how long low interest rates will last, now may be a good time to review personal debt as part of overall finances and identify potential refinancing opportunities. In evaluating your borrowing strategy, consider your asset/liability mix, the cost and tax implications of borrowing, and your capacity for debt.
It may be difficult for consumers to sustain current spending levels given the sticker shock of prices at the pump. Add to the mix a move higher in interest rates, cuts in unemployment benefits and other services, and a restructuring of the Social Security and Medicare/Medicaid system as we know it, and it would seem the downside risks to growth are mounting.
There is no simple solution to measure the overall risk of a security or portfolio with one statistic. The author recommends that investors use a variety of measures, including spread duration, rating breakdowns, and the average price of securities in each rating category.
While we believe the scale and scope of current market risks are not enough to topple the markets, we feel a correction of some magnitude is warranted given how a confluence of risk factors could adjust global growth expectations. As such, we are recommending a modestly more defensive posture despite seemingly attractive valuations.
We expect 2011 growth will fall into the lower end of the 3.25% to 3.75% range. Pockets of economic weakness are likely to persist – in unemployment, housing and consumer confidence – but the general economic climate is far healthier than was the case a year ago. Political and geo-political issues, we believe, are the most significant threats to continued recovery.
We have begun recommending that investors use recent equity market weakness to rebalance portfolios and lift international equity allocations. We have further suggested that investors prioritize shifting allocations toward international equity strategies with a higher allocation to Japan.
The recent recession has certainly had a major impact on the financial condition of most municipalities. While we believe this may lead to an increase in defaults over the next few years, we do not anticipate widespread defaults or major losses at the bondholder level. Any defaults that do occur will likely be well telegraphed and identifiable through fundamental credit research.
Expected changes in gift, estate, and generation-skipping taxes after 2012 has led many families and advisors to conclude that 2011-2012 presents a valuable, two-year window of opportunity to update estate plans. However, certain developments suggest the best results may be obtained by acting sooner rather than later.
When the Fed ceases its massive buy program in July, it will be a de facto increase in interest rates. Who is going to step in and fill the void? The conclusion of QE2 is a well known fact, but are the consequences well understood and is this the only market dynamic that will push rates higher?